超聲清洗系統(tǒng)重要的部分是換能器。現(xiàn)存兩種換能器，一種是磁力換能器，由鎳或鎳合金制成；一種壓電換能器，由鋯鈦酸鉛或其他陶瓷制成。下面來(lái)看看超聲波清洗機(jī)換能器和發(fā)生器的內(nèi)容吧。

The transducer is an important part of ultrasonic cleaning system. There are two kinds of transducers, one is magnetic transducer, which is made of nickel or nickel alloy; A piezoelectric transducer is made of lead zirconate titanate or other ceramics. Let's take a look at the contents of the transducer and generator of the ultrasonic cleaning machine.

無(wú)論使用何種換能器，通常基本的因素為其產(chǎn)生的空化效應(yīng)的強(qiáng)度。超聲波和其它聲波一樣，是一系列的壓力點(diǎn)，即一種壓縮和膨脹交替的波。

No matter what kind of transducer is used, the basic factor is usually the intensity of the cavitation effect. Like other sound waves, ultrasonic waves are a series of pressure points, that is, waves with alternating compression and expansion.

如果聲能足夠強(qiáng)，液體在波的膨脹階段被推開(kāi)，由此產(chǎn)生氣泡；而在波的壓縮階段，這些氣泡就在液體中瞬間爆裂或內(nèi)爆，產(chǎn)生一種非常有效的沖擊力，特別適用於清洗。這個(gè)過(guò)程被稱做空化作用。

If the sound energy is strong enough, the liquid is pushed away in the expansion phase of the wave, resulting in bubbles; In the compression phase of the wave, these bubbles burst or implode instantly in the liquid, producing a very effective impact force, which is especially suitable for cleaning. This process is called cavitation.

從理論上分析，爆裂的空化泡會(huì)產(chǎn)生超過(guò)10,000psi的壓力和20,000°F（11,000°C）的高溫，并在其爆裂的瞬間沖擊波會(huì)迅速向外輻射。

Theoretically, the burst cavitation bubble will produce a pressure of more than 10000psi and a high temperature of 20000 ° f (11000 ° C), and the shock wave will rapidly radiate outward at the moment of its burst.

單個(gè)空化泡所釋放的能量很小，但每秒鐘內(nèi)有幾百萬(wàn)的空化泡同時(shí)爆裂，累計(jì)起來(lái)的效果將是非常強(qiáng)烈的，產(chǎn)生的強(qiáng)大的沖擊力將工件表面的污物剝落，這就是所有超聲清洗的特點(diǎn)。

The energy released by a single cavitation bubble is very small, but millions of cavitation bubbles burst at the same time every second, and the cumulative effect will be very strong. The powerful impact produced will peel off the dirt on the surface of the workpiece, which is the characteristic of all ultrasonic cleaning.

超聲波清洗機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠家認(rèn)為如果超聲能量足夠大，空化現(xiàn)象會(huì)在清洗液各處產(chǎn)生，所以超聲波能夠有效清洗微小的裂縫和孔。空化作用也促進(jìn)了化學(xué)反應(yīng)并加速了表面膜的溶解。

The manufacturer of ultrasonic cleaning machine believes that if the ultrasonic energy is large enough, cavitation will occur everywhere in the cleaning fluid, so ultrasonic can effectively clean tiny cracks and holes. Cavitation also promotes the chemical reaction and accelerates the dissolution of the surface facial mask.

然而只有在某區(qū)域的液體壓力低於該氣泡內(nèi)氣體壓力時(shí)才會(huì)在該區(qū)域產(chǎn)生空化現(xiàn)象，故由換能器產(chǎn)生的超聲波振幅足夠大時(shí)才能滿足這一條件。產(chǎn)生空化所需的小功率被稱做空化臨界點(diǎn)。

However, only when the liquid pressure in a certain area is lower than the gas pressure in the bubble will cavitation occur in this area, so this condition can be met when the ultrasonic amplitude generated by the transducer is large enough. The small power required to produce cavitation is called the cavitation critical point.

不同的液體存在不同的空化臨界點(diǎn)，故超聲波能量必須超過(guò)該臨界點(diǎn)才能達(dá)到清洗效果。也就是說(shuō)，只有能量超過(guò)臨界點(diǎn)才能產(chǎn)生空化泡，以便進(jìn)行超聲清洗。

Different liquids have different cavitation critical points, so the ultrasonic energy must exceed this critical point to achieve the cleaning effect. In other words, cavitation bubbles can be generated only when the energy exceeds the critical point for ultrasonic cleaning.

超聲波清洗機(jī)換能器和發(fā)生器的認(rèn)識(shí)了解就到這里了，如果您對(duì)其有什么問(wèn)題，歡迎來(lái)我們網(wǎng)站www.heqingliang.cn咨詢。

That's all for you to know about the transducer and generator of ultrasonic cleaning machine. If you have any questions about it, please come to our website www.heqingliang.cn for consultation.