光學(xué)超聲波清洗機(jī)工作時(shí)，超聲波會(huì)在介質(zhì)中傳播，由于超聲波與介質(zhì)的相互作用，使介質(zhì)發(fā)生物理和或化學(xué)的變化，從而產(chǎn)生一系列力學(xué)、熱、電磁和化學(xué)的超聲效應(yīng)。質(zhì)量高的光學(xué)超聲波清洗機(jī)一般都會(huì)包括以下幾種效應(yīng)：

When the optical ultrasonic cleaning machine is working, the ultrasonic wave will propagate in the medium. Due to the interaction between the ultrasonic wave and the medium, the physical and chemical changes of the medium will occur, resulting in a series of mechanical, thermal, electromagnetic and chemical ultrasonic effects. High quality optical ultrasonic cleaning machine generally includes the following effects:

一、機(jī)械效應(yīng)

1、 Mechanical effect

光學(xué)超聲波清洗機(jī)的機(jī)械作用可促成液體的乳化、凝膠的液化和固體的分散。當(dāng)超聲波流體介質(zhì)中形成駐波時(shí)，懸浮在流體中的微小顆粒因受機(jī)械力的作用而凝聚在波節(jié)處，在空間形成周期性的堆積。超聲波在壓電材料和磁致伸縮材料中傳播時(shí)，由于超聲波的機(jī)械作用而引起感生電 機(jī) 化和感生磁化。

The mechanical action of the optical ultrasonic cleaner can promote the emulsification of the liquid, the liquefaction of the gel and the dispersion of the solid. When standing wave is formed in ultrasonic fluid medium, micro particles suspended in the fluid condense at the wave node due to mechanical force, forming periodic accumulation in space. When ultrasonic wave propagates in piezoelectric materials and magnetostrictive materials, induced electromotion and induced magnetization are caused by ultrasonic mechanical action.

二、空化作用

2、 Cavitation

光學(xué)超聲波清洗機(jī)的超聲波作用于液體時(shí)可產(chǎn)生大量小氣泡。一個(gè)原因是液體內(nèi)局部出現(xiàn)拉應(yīng)力而形成負(fù)壓，壓強(qiáng)的降低使原來(lái)溶于液體的氣體過(guò)飽和，而從液體逸出，成為小氣泡。另一原因是強(qiáng)大的拉應(yīng)力把液體“撕開”成一空洞，稱為空化。因空化作用形成的小氣泡會(huì)隨周圍介質(zhì)的振動(dòng)而不斷運(yùn)動(dòng)、長(zhǎng)大或突然破滅，破滅時(shí)周圍液體突然沖入氣泡而產(chǎn)生高溫、高壓，同時(shí)產(chǎn)生激波。

When ultrasonic wave of optical ultrasonic cleaning machine acts on liquid, a large number of small bubbles can be produced. One of the reasons is that the local tensile stress in the liquid forms negative pressure. The decrease of the pressure makes the gas dissolved in the liquid supersaturate, and then escape from the liquid and become small bubbles. Another reason is that the strong tensile stress "tears" the liquid into a cavity, which is called cavitation. The small bubbles formed by cavitation will continuously move, grow or burst with the vibration of the surrounding medium. When the bubbles burst, the surrounding liquid suddenly rushes into the bubbles and produces high temperature, high pressure and shock wave.

三、化學(xué)效應(yīng)

3、 Chemical effect

光學(xué)超聲波清洗機(jī)的超聲波的作用可促使發(fā)生或加速某些化學(xué)反應(yīng)。例如純的蒸餾水經(jīng)超聲處理后產(chǎn)生過(guò)氧化氫；溶有氮?dú)獾乃?jīng)超聲處理后產(chǎn)生亞硝酸；染料的水溶液經(jīng)超聲處理后會(huì)變色或退色，這些現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生總與空化作用相伴隨。超聲波還可加速許多化學(xué)物質(zhì)的水解、分解和聚合過(guò)程，超聲波對(duì)光化學(xué)和電化學(xué)過(guò)程也有明顯影響。

The ultrasonic effect of optical ultrasonic cleaning machine can promote or accelerate some chemical reactions. For example, pure distilled water produces hydrogen peroxide after ultrasonic treatment; water dissolved in nitrogen produces nitrite after ultrasonic treatment; aqueous solution of dye changes color or fade after ultrasonic treatment, which is always accompanied by cavitation. Ultrasound can also accelerate the hydrolysis, decomposition and polymerization of many chemicals, and also has obvious effects on photochemical and electrochemical processes.

以上就是光學(xué)超聲波清洗機(jī)的三種效應(yīng)，其中主要就是利用超聲空化效應(yīng)。暢銷全球的光學(xué)超聲波清洗機(jī)由超聲波電源發(fā)出的高頻振蕩信號(hào)，經(jīng)換能器轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闄C(jī)械振動(dòng)傳入到清洗介質(zhì)中，以連續(xù)不斷的方式產(chǎn)生輻射狀直線傳播的超聲波束，強(qiáng)烈沖刷零件的表面，保括孔隙、夾縫等部位，達(dá)到清潔效果。

The above are the three effects of optical ultrasonic cleaning machine, which mainly uses ultrasonic cavitation effect. High frequency oscillation signal from ultrasonic power supply is transformed into mechanical vibration and transmitted into cleaning medium by transducer, which generates radiated straight-line ultrasonic beam in a continuous way, which strongly washes the surface of parts, covers the pores and cracks, and achieves the cleaning effect.